Tun Meng Hui timeline:
1904: Sun Yat-sen founded the Tongmenghui (Tung Meng Hui) in Tokyo, Japan, with the aim of uniting revolutionary groups and overthrowing the Qing dynasty.
1905: The Tongmenghui established branches in various parts of China, including Guangzhou, Shanghai, and Beijing.
1906: The Tongmenghui launched an unsuccessful uprising in Guangzhou, known as the Huizhou Uprising.
1907: The Tongmenghui became more organized and began to gain support from overseas Chinese communities.
1908: The Tongmenghui formed an alliance with the Guangfuhui (Restoration Society) to overthrow the Qing dynasty.
1911: The Tongmenghui played a crucial role in the Wuchang Uprising, which marked the beginning of the Xinhai Revolution. After the uprising, the Tongmenghui became the leading revolutionary group in China.
1912: Sun Yat-sen was elected as the first provisional president of the Republic of China, with the support of the Tongmenghui.
1913: The Tongmenghui suffered a major setback when Yuan Shikai, a former imperial general, seized power and dissolved the National Assembly. Sun Yat-sen started the Second Chinese Revolution and went into exile in Japan. Yuan Shikai became the President of the Republic of China.
Kuomintang timeline:
1912: The Kuomintang (KMT), also known as the Nationalist Party, was founded by Sun Yat-sen after the establishment of the Republic of China.
1913-1916: The KMT faced internal conflicts and was weakened by the opposition of Yuan Shikai.
1917: Sun Yat-sen reorganized the KMT to include members of different social classes and political factions, and it became the dominant political party in China.
1924: The KMT launched the Northern Expedition, a military campaign to reunify China under its leadership, with the support of the Communist Party of China. Dr Sun Yat-sen died in 1925.
1927: The KMT-Communist alliance broke down, and Chiang Kai-shek, who became the leader of the KMT after Sun Yat-sen's death, launched a campaign to eliminate communists and other leftists in the party.
1928: Chiang Kai-shek established the National Government in Nanjing and became the president of the Republic of China.
1930s: The KMT faced challenges from various sources, including warlords, Japanese aggression, and communist insurgency.
1945: The KMT emerged as one of the victors in World War II, but its power and authority were challenged by the Communist Party of China.
1947: The KMT government under Chiang Kai-shek launched a campaign of suppression and violence against perceived communist sympathizers and opponents, known as the White Terror.
1949: The KMT government was defeated by the Communist Party of China in the Chinese Civil War, and Chiang Kai-shek fled to Taiwan with his government.
1950s-1980s: The KMT ruled Taiwan under martial law, suppressing political opposition and promoting economic development.
1987: The KMT government lifted martial law and allowed opposition parties to form.
2000: The KMT lost power in Taiwan for the first time in its history when Chen Shui-bian of the Democratic Progressive Party was elected president.
2008: The KMT returned to power with the election of Ma Ying-jeou as president of Taiwan.
2016: The KMT lost power again when Tsai Ing-wen of the Democratic Progressive Party was elected president of Taiwan.